What is Functional Medicine?

An Introduction to Functional Medicine:

Understanding Your Immune System and Inflammation

When you hear the term functional medicine, you might wonder how it’s different from what your GP or specialist does. Put simply, functional medicine is a modern, science-based approach that asks why you’re feeling unwell — not just what label we can put on it. It looks at you as a whole person, rather than a list of separate symptoms and aims to find the root cause of what’s throwing your body off balance.

One of the biggest players in your overall health is your immune system. Most of us think of the immune system as the thing that fights off colds and flu. Our innate immune system is like your body’s internal security system — it keeps watch 24/7 for bacteria, viruses, toxins, or anything it sees as a threat. When it senses danger, it reacts by sending out an army of cells and chemical messengers to fix the problem.

This protective response is called inflammation which is fine (and essential) in small doses — like when you cut your finger — inflammation is a good thing. It’s a part of the healing process. But trouble starts when inflammatory and reactive processes become stuck, staying switched on or upregulated in an ‘acquired immune system response’ on for weeks, months, or even years. Long-term inflammation is linked to many modern health problems — fatigue, joint pain, digestive issues, allergies, skin flare-ups, autoimmune conditions and more. It can contribute to a difficult menopause transition. We often think of symptoms as ‘normal’ because we’ve had them for a long time.

So what drives this constant, underlying inflammation? Often, it’s a mix of factors that build up over time:

Diet — processed foods, excess sugar, or hidden food sensitivities can irritate your gut and immune system.

Stress — modern life keeps our bodies in “fight or flight” mode, which can keep inflammation simmering.

Sleep and rest — poor sleep weakens your immune defences and prevents repair.

Environmental toxins — pollution, chemicals, and even chronic infections can act as constant triggers.

Gut health — your gut lining and microbiome (the trillions of bacteria living in you) are deeply tied to immune balance.

Previous viral exposure such as Epstein Barr Virus or Covid, Mold toxicity, Fungal imbalance, Parasites and low grade sub clinical infections.

Functional medicine helps you identify these hidden drivers — and then works with you to gently remove what’s fuelling the fire and strengthen what helps you heal. The goal isn’t to suppress symptoms with a quick fix but to rebalance your system so symptoms naturally calm down.

Here are some practical strategies often used in functional medicine to reduce inflammation and support your immune system:

Nourish your body with real, whole foods — lots of colourful vegetables, healthy fats, good proteins, and minimal processed junk.

Balance your gut — this might include probiotics, fibre-rich foods, or healing your gut lining if it’s been irritated.

Manage stress — mindfulness, breathwork, yoga, time in nature — anything that calms your nervous system can help calm inflammation too.

Prioritise rest — aim for good quality sleep and allow your body downtime to repair.

Move your body — regular movement supports circulation, detox, and immune health. Do anything that makes you feel good. Dancing in the kitchen and carrying heavy bags all count.

The thing I love about functional medicine is that it puts you in charge of your own health story. It encourages you to listen to your body’s signals, get curious about what’s really going on beneath the surface, and make changes that support you best.

In the end, it’s about more than just managing symptoms — it’s about feeling well, vibrant, and resilient for the long term.